Simulation

Hitchhiker's Guide to Distributions

Compare five shapes of uncertainty by drawing and redrawing samples.

Try this first

Suggested exploration: about 3 minutes.

Compare the normal, uniform and heavy-tailed shapes, then increase the sample count.

What to look for: Each distribution has a distinct shape, and larger samples make that shape easier to see.

What this simulation shows

A distribution describes which outcomes are possible and how often they occur. A single average cannot show whether outcomes cluster tightly, spread evenly, form two groups or occasionally reach an extreme. The Guide lets you compare those shapes by drawing fresh samples.

How to use it

Choose a distribution and compare its histogram with the others. Move Samples to see how a larger sample steadies the shape; use Consult the Guide to draw again.

DON'T PANIC

The Guide to Improbable Distributions

A mostly harmless probability engine.

2,000

THE GUIDE SAYS:

What to take away

Distributions with similar central values can have very different spreads and tails. The histogram makes each shape visible, while repeated samples show the random variation you can expect around it.

How to use this simulation

Change one input at a time, run the model, and compare the result with the starting state. Then repeat the experiment with a different constraint or strategy so you can see which relationships drive the outcome.

What to look for

Look for trade-offs, thresholds, feedback loops, and points where a locally attractive decision produces a worse system-wide result. The simulation is intended to make the article's idea observable, not to predict a real operation.

Limitations

This is a deliberately simplified model. It omits the data quality, exceptions, human judgement, and operational constraints of a live system, so treat its behaviour as an illustration of a mechanism rather than as a planning recommendation.

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